the religious ISA (the system of the different churches),
 • the educational ISA (the system of the different public and private ‘schools’),
 • the family ISA,
 • the legal ISA,
 • the political ISA (the political system, including the different parties),
 • the trade-union ISA,
 • the communications ISA (press, radio and television, etc.),
 • the cultural ISA (literature, the arts, sports, etc.).
• p. 96
“

I shall call Ideological State Apparatuses (ISAs) a certain number of realities which present themselves to the immediate observer in the form of distinct and specialized institutions: ...

— Louis Althusser

What It Means

This is a placeholder explanation generated by the low-overhead model. It interprets "I shall call Ideological State Apparatuses (ISAs) a certain number of realities which present themselves to the immediate observer in the form of distinct and specialized institutions: ..." in the context of "the religious ISA (the system of the different churches),
 • the educational ISA (the system of the different public and private ‘schools’),
 • the family ISA,
 • the legal ISA,
 • the political ISA (the political system, including the different parties),
 • the trade-union ISA,
 • the communications ISA (press, radio and television, etc.),
 • the cultural ISA (literature, the arts, sports, etc.).
• p. 96" to mean that wisdom is timeless.

Source: Wikiquote: "Louis Althusser" (Quotes, Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays (1968):  Lénine et la philosophie (1968) as translated by Ben Brewster (Monthly Review Press: 1971), "Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses":  Full text online) The 'What it means' explanation text was generated by Google Gemini Flash (accessed January 18, 2026). https://gemini.google.com/app
Louis Althusser

About Louis Althusser

Louis Pierre Althusser (16 October 1918 – 22 October 1990) was a French Marxist philosopher.