Code-and-Fix Model. The basic model used in the earliest days of software development contained two steps:
 1. Write some code.
 2. Fix the problems in the code.
Thus, the order of the steps was to do some coding first and to think about the requirements, design, test, and maintenance later. This model has three primary difficulties: (a) After a number of fixes, the code became so poorly structured that subsequent fixes were very expensive. This underscored the need for a design phase prior to coding. (b) Frequently, even well designed software was such a poor match to users' needs that it was either rejected outright or expensively redevelopment..." - Meaning and context.">
p. 61-62
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The Code-and-Fix Model. The basic model used in the earliest days of software development contained two steps:
 1. Write some code.
 2. Fix the problems in the code.
Thus, the order of the steps was to do some coding first and to think about the requirements, design, test, and maintenance later. This model has three primary difficulties: (a) After a number of fixes, the code became so poorly structured that subsequent fixes were very expensive. This underscored the need for a design phase prior to coding. (b) Frequently, even well designed software was such a poor match to users' needs that it was either rejected outright or expensively redevelopment...

— Barry Boehm

What It Means

This is a placeholder explanation generated by the low-overhead model. It interprets "The Code-and-Fix Model. The basic model used in the earliest days of software development contained two steps:
 1. Write some code.
 2. Fix the problems in the code.
Thus, the order of the steps was to do some coding first and to think about the requirements, design, test, and maintenance later. This model has three primary difficulties: (a) After a number of fixes, the code became so poorly structured that subsequent fixes were very expensive. This underscored the need for a design phase prior to coding. (b) Frequently, even well designed software was such a poor match to users' needs that it was either rejected outright or expensively redevelopment..." in the context of "p. 61-62" to mean that wisdom is timeless.

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Source: Wikiquote: "Barry Boehm" (Quotes, A spiral model of software development and enhancement. (1988): Boehm, Barry W. "A spiral model of software development and enhancement." Computer 21.5 (1988): 61-72.) The 'What it means' explanation text was generated by Google Gemini Flash (accessed January 18, 2026). https://gemini.google.com/app
Barry Boehm

About Barry Boehm

Barry W. Boehm (May 16, 1935 – August 20, 2022) was an American software engineer, TRW Emeritus Professor of Software Engineering at the Computer Science Department of the University of Southern California, and known for his many contributions to software engineering.